The state space model is defined by the sinple equation (1). lt maps a 1-D input signal u(t) to an H-D latent state x(t) before projecting to a 1-D output signal y(t).
x'(t)=Ax(t)+Bu(t)
y(t)=Cx(t)+Du(t)
2.Hippo非常重要!!!
3.Discretization
To discretize the continuous-time SSM,we follow prior work in using the bilinear method [43],which converts the state matrix A into an approximation ˉA. The discrete SSM is
xₖ=ˉAxₖ₋₁+ˉBuₖ ˉA=(l – Δ/2 · A)⁻¹ (l+Δ/2 · A)
yₖ=ˉCxₖ ˉB=(l – Δ/2 · A)⁻¹ΔB ˉC=C.
Solution:
• 把Hippo matrix A 分解成normal matrix+ low-rank
• 序列模型并行可以转化为一个卷积运算,但卷积核需要处理一个连乘。如果A diagonal,那一切好说;但他现在不是,所以转化成为Normal Plus Low-Rank。处理NPLR的幂需要用到三个技巧
• 用cauchy kernel来处理对角阵求逆的问题;
• 用Woodbury identity把NPLR变成对角阵的问题;
• 计算截断的generating function,再用inverse FFT变回来。
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