终极集合论宇宙(V=UltimateL)
TheMostowskiCollapse and the lnner Model
program
w.Hughwoodin
usiversity of CaEtyaia BerLeley
October 11.2013
TheMostowskiCoollapse
Theorcm
Suppose Mis atransitivesetandΧ≺M.Tbenthereisa unique transitve set Nand isomorphism
π:N≅Χ.
ThegentrallIatiorsof the Mostowski Collapseareubiquitousin set Theory.
The Universeofsets
Thepowersct
suppose Χ is a set 。The powerset of Χ is the set
Р(X)={Y丨Y is a subset of Χ}.
CumuJativeHierarchyofScts TheunherseVofsetsisgeneratedbydeflningVαbyinductionontheordinalα:
1.V₀=∅.
2.Vα+1=Ρ(Vα).
3.ifαisalimitordinalthenVα=Uᵦ<αVᵦ.
⇨EverysetbeloegstoVαforsomeordinalα.
Logicaldefinabilityfromparameters
BchedDooset
SupposeΧisatransitiveset.AsubsetΥ⊆Χislogicallydeflnablein(Χ,∈)fromparmetersifforsomeformula φ[x₀……x₀]andforsomeparametersa₁……a₂∈Χ,
Υ={a∈Χ丨(Χ,∈)╞ φ[a,a₁……a₀]}
Thedefinablepowerset
ForeachsetΧ,Рᴅel(Χ)denotesthesetofallΥ⊆ΧsuchthatΧislogicallydtfinableinthestructure(Χ,∈)fromparametersinΧ.
⇨(AxiomofChoice)Рᴅel(Χ)=Р(X)ifandonlyifΧisflnite。
⇨Рᴅel(Vᴊ+1)∩Р(R)isexactlytheprojectivesets.
Theeffectivecumulativehierarchy:L
Gōdd'sconstructibleuniverse.L
DefineLαbyinductiononαasfollows.
1.L₀=∅.
2.(Successorcase)Lα+1=Рᴅel(Lα).
3.(Limitcase)Lα=∪{Lᵦ丨β<α).
ListheclassofallsetsΧsuchthatΧ∈Lαforsomeordinalα.
Theorem(Gōdel)
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